Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic condition characterized by uncontrollable and repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions). Individuals with OCD experience symptoms that consume a significant amount of time and can lead to distress or disruption in daily functioning. Fortunately, effective treatments are accessible to assist individuals in managing their symptoms and enhancing their overall quality of life.

Individuals with OCD may experience obsessions, compulsions, or both. Obsessions are recurrent thoughts, urges, or mental images that intrude involuntarily, causing anxiety in most individuals. Common obsessions include fears of contamination, losing control, aggressive thoughts, unwanted or taboo thoughts, and the need for symmetry or perfection.

Compulsions are repetitive behaviors driven by the urge to alleviate anxiety or prevent a dreaded event. Typical compulsions include excessive cleaning, arranging items meticulously, checking things repeatedly, counting compulsively, or engaging in ritualistic behaviors like praying or repeating words silently.

OCD symptoms can emerge at any time but typically onset between late childhood and young adulthood, with most individuals diagnosed during young adulthood. Symptoms may fluctuate over time, worsening during periods of stress. While some individuals recognize the irrationality of their compulsions, others may not realize their behavior is abnormal, especially children, who often fear dire consequences if they do not perform their rituals.